保存和加载游戏

Creating a SaveGame Object

The USaveGame class sets up an object that can be used as a target for the saving and loading functions declared in Kismet/GameplayStatics.h.

You can create a new class based on USaveGame using the C++ Class Wizard.

In this example, the new USaveGame class is called UMySaveGame. In order to use it, add the following lines to your game module's header file, after any other #include directives:

#include "MySaveGame.h"
	#include "Kismet/GameplayStatics.h"

Header

In the header file for your SaveGame object, you can declare any variables you want your SaveGame to store.

UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere, Category = Basic)
	FString PlayerName;

#pragma once

	#include "GameFramework/SaveGame.h"
	#include "MySaveGame.generated.h"

	/**
	 *
	 */
	UCLASS()
	class [PROJECTNAME]_API UMySaveGame : public USaveGame

Source

Generally, the SaveGame object's source file does not need any particular code to function, unless your particular save system has additional functionality you would like to set up here.

This example does define the values of SaveSlotName and UserIndex in the class constructor, so they can be read out and used by other gameplay classes.

// Copyright 1998-2018 Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

	#include "[ProjectName].h"
	#include "MySaveGame.h"

	UMySaveGame::UMySaveGame()
	{
		SaveSlotName = TEXT("TestSaveSlot");
		UserIndex = 0;
	}

First, call CreateSaveGameObject (from the UGameplayStatics library) to get a new UMySaveGame object. Once you have the object, you can populate it with the data you want to save. Finally, call SaveGameToSlot or AsyncSaveGameToSlot to write the data out to your device.

Asynchronous Saving

AsyncSaveGameToSlot is the recommended method for saving the game. Running asynchronously prevents a sudden framerate hitch, making it less noticeable to players and avoiding a possible certification issue on some platforms. When the save process is complete, the delegate (of type FAsyncSaveGameToSlotDelegate) will be called with the slot name, the user index, and a bool indicating success or failure.

if (UMySaveGame* SaveGameInstance = Cast<UMySaveGame>(UGameplayStatics::CreateSaveGameObject(UMySaveGame::StaticClass())))
	{
		// Set up the (optional) delegate.
		FAsyncSaveGameToSlotDelegate SavedDelegate;
		// USomeUObjectClass::SaveGameDelegateFunction is a void function that takes the following parameters: const FString& SlotName, const int32 UserIndex, bool bSuccess
		SavedDelegate.BindUObject(SomeUObjectPointer, &USomeUObjectClass::SaveGameDelegateFunction);

		// Set data on the savegame object.
		SaveGameInstance->PlayerName = TEXT("PlayerOne");

Synchronous Saving

SaveGameToSlot is sufficient for small SaveGame formats, and for saving the game while paused or in a menu. It's also easy to use, as it simply saves the game immediately and returns a bool indicating success or failure. For larger amounts of data, or for auto-saving game while the player is still actively interacting with your game world, AsyncSaveGameToSlot is a better choice.

if (UMySaveGame* SaveGameInstance = Cast<UMySaveGame>(UGameplayStatics::CreateSaveGameObject(UMySaveGame::StaticClass())))
	{
		// Set data on the savegame object.
		SaveGameInstance->PlayerName = TEXT("PlayerOne");

		// Save the data immediately.
		if (UGameplayStatics::SaveGameToSlot(SaveGameInstance, SlotNameString, UserIndexInt32))
		{
			// Save succeeded.
		}

Binary Saving

You can transfer a SaveGame object to memory with the SaveGameToMemory function. This function only offers synchronous operation, but is faster than saving to a drive. The caller provides a reference to a buffer (a TArray<uint8>&) where the data will be stored. On success, the function returns true.

TArray<uint8> OutSaveData;
	if (UGameplayStatics::SaveGameToMemory(SaveGameObject, OutSaveData))
	{
		// The operation succeeded, and OutSaveData now contains a binary represenation of the SaveGame object.
	}

You can also save binary data directly to a file, similar to the SaveGameToSlot function, by calling SaveDataToSlot with the buffer (a const TArray<uint8>&) and the slot name and user ID information. As with SaveGameToMemory, this function only offers synchronous operation, and returns a bool to indicate success or failure.

if (UGameplayStatics::SaveDataToSlot(InSaveData, SlotNameString, UserIndexInt32))
	{
		// The operation succeeded, and InSaveData has been written to the save file defined by the slot name and user ID we provided.
	}

Asynchronous Loading

When loading asynchronously with AsyncLoadGameFromSlot, you must provide a callback delegate in order to receive the data that the system loads.

// Set up the delegate.
	FAsyncLoadGameFromSlotDelegate LoadedDelegate;
	// USomeUObjectClass::LoadGameDelegateFunction is a void function that takes the following parameters: const FString& SlotName, const int32 UserIndex, USaveGame* LoadedGameData
	LoadedDelegate.BindUObject(SomeUObjectPointer, &USomeUObjectClass::LoadGameDelegateFunction);
	UGameplayStatics::AsyncLoadGameFromSlot(SlotName, 0, LoadedDelegate);

Synchronous Loading

The LoadGameFromSlot function will create and return a USaveGame object if it succeeds.

// Retrieve and cast the USaveGame object to UMySaveGame.
	if (UMySaveGame* LoadedGame = Cast<UMySaveGame>(UGameplayStatics::LoadGameFromSlot(SlotName, 0)))
	{
		// The operation was successful, so LoadedGame now contains the data we saved earlier.
		UE_LOG(LogTemp, Warning, TEXT("LOADED: %s"), *LoadedGame->PlayerName);
	}

Binary Loading

You can load SaveGame data from a file in raw, binary form with LoadDataFromSlot. This function is very similar to LoadGameFromSlot, except that it does not create a SaveGame object. Only synchronous operation is available for this type of loading.

TArray<uint8> OutSaveData;
	if (UGameplayStatics::LoadDataFromSlot(OutSaveData, SlotNameString, UserIndexInt32))
	{
		// The operation succeeded, and OutSaveData now contains a binary represenation of the SaveGame object.
	}

You can also convert this binary data to a SaveGame object by calling LoadGameFromMemory. This is a synchronous call, and returns a new USaveGame object upon success, or a null pointer on failure.

if (UMySaveGame* SaveGameInstance = Cast<UMySaveGame>(LoadGameFromMemory(InSaveData)))
	{
		// The operation succeeded, and SaveGameInstance was able to cast to type we expected (UMySaveGame).
	}